Chapter 2: Adaptations in Animals
Descriptive Questions
- Q: What are adaptations?
- A: The animals develop special features to live in the different environmental conditions. This is called adaptation.
- Q: How are camels adapted to live in deserts?
- A: Camel can live without water and food for several days. They store fat in the hump. They have thick skin with little hair.
- Q: List the adaptation of arboreal animals.
- A: Arboreal animals like monkeys have strong arms and legs to climb up and down a tree and to hold the branches. They have a strong, stout chest and broad hip girdle to provide support while climbing. Some have a long tail to hold the branches and swing.
- Q: What is aestivation?
- A: Some animals like snails, frog and crocodiles go to sleep for a long time in summer in a cool and shady place. This summer sleep is known as aestivation.
- Q: What are parasites?
- A: The organisms that live on or inside the body of other organisms to get their food are called parasites. Ex – lice, bugs, ticks etc.
- Q: Define scavengers and herbivores.
- A: The organisms that eat flesh of dead animals are called scavengers. Ex – vultures and hyenas. Plant eating animals are called herbivores. Ex – cow, goat, sheep and giraffe.
- Q: Explain the adaptive features of aquatic and terrestrial animals with examples.
- A: Aquatic animals: Fish has fins and tails with streamlined bodies to move in the water, and their body is covered with scales. Turtles have broad, flat limbs called flippers to swim. Ducks and geese have webbed feet to push the water back. Terrestrial animals: They breathe through lungs, have four legs to walk and run, and have well developed sense organs and nervous system to hear & smell their prey and protect themselves.
- Q: Describe the adaptations for protection in animals.
- A: Animals like deer, horses, antelopes and kangaroos have strong legs to run fast and escape from enemies. Snails and tortoises have shells to protect them when they sense danger. Rhinoceros and buffaloes have horns to defend themselves. Porcupines have sharp quills on their body for protection.
Objective Questions
- Match the following:
- Herbivores ———–>Eat plants;
- Carnivores ————> Eat flesh;
- Omnivores ————> Eat both plants and animals;
- Scavengers ————> Eat dead animals.
- True or False:
- The polar bear stores fat in the hump: False
- Winter sleep is called hibernation: True
- The grasshopper camouflages with its surroundings: True
- The camel stores food in the blubber: False
- Answer in one word:
- Long winter sleep: Hibernation
- An ability of animals to merge with their surrounding: Camouflage
- A thick layer of fat below the skin of a polar bear: Blubber
- The organisms that live on and inside the body of other animals: Parasite
- Fill in the blanks:
- In water, frogs breathe through moist skin.
- Animals that fly in air are called aerial animals.
- Animals that live both in water and on land are called amphibians.
- Arboreal animals live on trees.
- Choose the correct option:
- Arboreal ( Aerial / Arborial ) animals have strong arms and legs to climb trees.
- Birds ( Birds / Fish) have hollow bones.
- The movement of birds from one place to another to avoid harsh weather conditions is called migration ( Hibernation / Migration) .
- The chameleon ( Chameleon / Snails) blends in with its surroundings.