Chapter 7 Factor of Production (7B)

P.P.Publication NCERT WORKSHEETS

Exploring Society: India and Beyond

Textbook of Social Science Class 8

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which factor of production includes tools, machinery, buildings, and other man-made resources used in production?

2. What does human capital refer to?

3. What does technology mean in production?

4. What is one of the key responsibilities a business has towards its workers?

5. What does ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ (CSR) involve?

6. India’s CSR law of 2014 was a global first because it:

7. What is the money a borrower pays to a lender for using their money called?

8. What is the first step in the process of mobile phone assembly?

9. What is a key motivation for an entrepreneur, apart from profit?

10. The ability to do an activity or job well with practice and training is :

Section B: Assertion-Reason Questions

Options for all questions in this section:

1. Assertion (A): An entrepreneur takes risks by investing money and time Reason (R): An entrepreneur only thinks about profit and does not contribute to the welfare of society

2. Assertion (A): Any production-related activity uses some form of technology Reason (R): Some early forms of technology that have existed since ancient times are still in use today.

Section C: State True/False

1. According to the Economic Survey of India 2024, 50 percent of people in India are below the age of 35 years.

2. J.R.D. Tata was born in 1904 and became the head of the Reliance Group.

3. 3-D printing can help revive the dying art forms in textiles by producing handloom products at a large scale.

Section D: Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. What is the advantage of online courses provided by the government to students?

2. What is a Gazette and a Clause?

Section E: Short Answer Type Questions

1. What do you know about the unique stitching technique used by Indians? Is it still in use?

2. Newer and advanced technological developments are applied in various areas, making our lives easier. Explain with examples.

Section F: Long Answer Type Questions

1. A culture of hard work, continuous improvement, and endeavouring to do things well has helped countries to move forward. Explain using examples of Japan and Germany.

Section G: Case-Based Question

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:

The factors — land, labour, capital, entrepreneurship and technology are combined to produce goods and services, and the proportion of each factor used depends on the product. For example, output from the agriculture, construction, and handicraft sectors relies more on labour and thus is labour intensive, while semiconductor chips or satellites require more capital, specialised machinery, and are capital-intensive.

These factors complement each other and are interconnected; in case of some missing or misused factors, production can become inefficient or can be halted. However, in some cases, new techniques can change the proportion used and output. For instance, increased machine use in agriculture can lower dependence on labour. Similarly, 3-D printing can help revive the dying art forms in textiles by producing handloom products at a large scale to serve the market. The production inputs are available at different geographic locations. Businesses can procure them from these varied locations and combine the inputs to produce goods and services. Thus, the geographic interconnectedness provides businesses with access to varied inputs. However, production activities sometimes face severe supply chain challenges. The supply chain is a network of individuals, organisations, resources, activities and technology that are involved in the production and sale of goods.

1. What is capital-intensive? Give an example.

2. New techniques can change the proportion used and output. Explain

3. What kind of challenges are there for production activities?

     

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