Journey Through Time Class 7 History Textbook
1. Choose the appropriate option.
a) The leader of the ruling party of the state is appointed as the _____________.
- i) Governor
- ii) Chief Minister
- iii) Advocate General
- iv) Secretary
- Answer: ii) Chief Minister
b) The Chairman presides over the proceedings of the _____________.
- i) Vidhan Parishad
- ii) Vidhan Sabha
- iii) Secretariat
- iv) Governor’s office
- Answer: i) Vidhan Parishad
c) The Legislative Assembly elects _____________ members of the Legislative Council.
- i) half
- ii) one-third
- iii) one-fifth
- iv) one-sixth
- Answer: ii) one-third
2. Consider the following sentences and choose the correct option.
a) Assertion (A): Federalism is an essential feature of the Indian state. Reason (R): There is division of powers and functions between the central and the state government.
- i) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct reason for (A)
- ii) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct reason for (A)
- iii) (A) is correct, (R) is incorrect
- iv) (A) is incorrect, (R) is correct
- Answer: i) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct reason for (A)
b) Assertion (A): In case of any conflict, the central government has the final say over a subject under the concurrent list. Reason (R): The Advocate General advises the central government to take the final decision.
- i) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct reason for (A)
- ii) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct reason for (A)
- iii) (A) is correct, (R) is incorrect
- iv) (A) is incorrect, (R) is correct
- Answer: iii) (A) is correct, (R) is incorrect
3. Match the columns.
Match the columns.
| Column A | Column B |
| a) Tabaqat-i-Nasiri | i) Ziauddin Barani |
| b) Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi | ii) Abd al-Qadir Badauni |
| c) Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh | iii) Mirza Muhammad Kazim |
| d) Alamgirnamah | iv) Minhaj-us-Siraj |
Answer:-
| Column A | Correct Match (Column B) |
| a) Governor | iv) Nominal head of the state |
| b) Advocate General | iii) Legal advisor to the state |
| c) Speaker | i) Presiding officer of the Vidhan Sabha |
| d) Chief Minister | ii) Conducts the affairs of the state government |
Q: What do you understand by the term ‘federal government’?
A: Federalism constitutes a type of arrangement with respect to the powers of the State. It advocates for the simultaneous existence of a central government and a number of regional governments, with a vertical distribution of powers within the parameters of a single State. Article 1 of the Indian Constitution describes India as a “Union of States”.
Q: What are the prerequisites to be a member of a Legislative Assembly?
A: Qualifications for membership:
- He/She must be a citizen of India.
- He/She must be at least twenty-five years of age.
- He/She must be a registered voter in any of the constituencies in India.
- He/She should not hold any office of profit under the central or the state government.
- He/She must be mentally sound and must not be insolvent.
Q: Why is the Legislative Assembly important?
A: It is the main law-making body of the state. It makes laws on the State List and the Concurrent List. It passes the state budget, money bills, and approves taxes. It keeps a check on the Council of Ministers through questions, debates, and a vote of no-confidence. It also takes part in important elections, including the election of the President of India.
Q: Discuss the powers of the Governor.
A:
- Executive Powers: The Governor appoints the leader of the ruling party of the state as the Chief Minister.
- Legislative Powers: The Governor has the authority to summon the House or each House of the state Legislature to assemble at any time, to prorogue the House, or to dissolve the Legislative Assembly. In case the Assembly is not in session and an urgent law is required, the Governor can pass an ordinance, which is equivalent to a law.
- Financial Powers: A money bill can be introduced in the State Legislature only with the approval or recommendation of the Governor.
- Judicial Powers: The Governor has the power to grant pardons and reduce the term of punishment for people convicted under the laws of that particular state.
Q: What are the functions of the Chief Minister and his Council of Ministers?
A: The Chief Minister of the state is the equivalent of the Prime Minister at the center. Only those ministers recommended by the Chief Minister are appointed by the Governor. The Chief Minister allocates and reshuffles portfolios among ministers. He/She can also ask a minister to resign or ask the Governor to dismiss a minister. The Chief Minister conducts the affairs of the state. He/She is responsible for the coordination of the various departments of the state. The ministers in the council are allotted various departments like roads, education, health and sanitation, law and order, etc.
Q: Who appoints the Governor and the Chief Minister of a State?
A: The Governor of a state is appointed by the President. The Chief Minister is appointed by the Governor.
Q: Who is an Advocate General?
A: The Advocate General is a state official appointed by the Governor, who acts as a legal advisor to the state government.
Q: How is the Legislative Assembly different from the Legislative Council?
A: The Legislative Assembly is also known as the Vidhan Sabha. It is the lower house of the state legislature. The Legislative Council is also known as the Vidhan Parishad. It is the upper house of the state legislature.