Q1. What is the purpose of the judiciary in examining the decision taken by the executive?
A: To ensure the correctness of the decisions.
Q2. What is the significance of the motto Satyameva Jayate?
A: It highlights the power of truth.
Q3. Assertion (A): The Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are the two houses of the national legislature.
Reason (R): The Lok Sabha is the upper house of the national legislature.
A: A is true, R is false.
Q4. What is the key feature of India’s democratic system?
A: All citizens above 18 have the right to participate in decision making.
Q5. Which service is not provided by the government as public service?
A: Food delivery.
Q6. How are representatives selected in India?
A: In India, representatives are selected through a democratic process when citizens vote at both state and national levels to choose them.
Q7. What is cybercrime and how does the government respond to it?
A: Cybercrime refers to crimes committed using digital technologies, such as stealing money online. The government responds to cybercrime by passing laws to prevent it and by using agencies like the cyber police to catch and punish criminals.
Q8. “India follows the policy of separation of powers.” What is meant by separation of powers?
A: Separation of powers means non-interference of the three organs of the government in each other’s sphere of work. It is important because it helps to maintain checks and balances.
Q9. Explain how the three government organs are at work in the case of the cybercriminals. How do they intervene?
A:
i) The legislature has made laws against cybercrimes.
ii) The executive – The cyber police department works to prevent cybercrime. It tracks and arrests cybercriminals.
iii) The judiciary – It has special courts hearing cybercrime cases. The cybercriminals are fined or jailed.
Q10. Why does India have a representative democracy? Give reasons to support your answer.
A: India has a representative democracy because:
i) It has more than 1.4 billion population.
ii) It is physically not possible for more than 97 crore voters to take part in decision making processes on a daily basis.
iii) At the same time, a large section of society may not be politically and technically aware about the issues around India.
iv) Many people might not be interested in taking part. Hence we elect our leaders who take decisions on our behalf.
Q11. What are the three levels of government in India and how do they deal with issues?
A: India’s governance structure comprises local, state/regional, and national levels, each addressing distinct matters.
i) Local authorities manage local issues like municipal services, community development and public health.
ii) State governments handle matters involving several towns and villages, including law and order, education, healthcare, and agriculture.
iii) The central government addresses national matters.