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In the given figure, seg AD ⊥ side BC, seg BE ⊥ side AC, seg CF ⊥ side AB.

Chapter 3 – Circle – Text Book Solution

Problem Set 3 | Q 25 | Page 90

In the given figure, seg AD ⊥ side BC, seg BE ⊥ side AC, seg CF ⊥ side AB. Ponit O is the orthocentre. Prove that , point O is the incentre of ∆DEF.

In figure 3.103, seg AD ^ side BC, seg BE ^ side AC, seg CF ^ side AB.
solution

It is given that seg AD ⊥ side BC, seg BE ⊥ side AC and seg CF ⊥ side BC. O is the orthocentre of ∆ABC.
Join DE, EF and DF.

∠AFO + ∠AEO = 90º + 90º = 180º 
∴ Quadrilateral AEOF is cyclic.     (If a pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral is supplementary, the quadrilateral is cyclic)
⇒ ∠OAE = ∠OFE          .....(1)       (Angles inscribed in the same arc are congruent)
∠BFO + ∠BDO = 90º + 90º = 180º 
∴ Quadrilateral BFOD is cyclic.     (If a pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral is supplementary, the quadrilateral is cyclic)
⇒ ∠OBD = ∠OFD         .....(2)       (Angles inscribed in the same arc are congruent)
In ∆ACD,
∠DAC + ∠ACD = 90º   .....(3)        (Using angle sum property of triangle)
In ∆BCE,
​∠BCE + ∠CBE = 90º    .....(4)        (Using angle sum property of triangle)
From (3) and (4), we get
∠DAC + ∠ACD = ∠BCE + ∠CBE
⇒ ∠DAC = ∠CBE       .....(5)
From (1), (2) and (5), we get
∠OFE = ∠OFD
⇒ OF is the bisector of ∠EFD.
Similarly, OE and OD are the bisectors of ∠DEF and ∠EDF, respectively.
Hence, O is the incentre of ∆DEF.        (Incentre of a triangle is the point of intersection of its angle bisectors)

Explanation:- 

Given: In triangle ABC, seg AD ⊥ BC, seg BE ⊥ AC and seg CF ⊥ BC. O is the orthocentre of ∆ABC. DE, EF, and DF are joined.

To prove: O is the incentre of ∆DEF.

Proof:

  1. We know that AF ⊥ OE and AE ⊥ OF. Therefore, ∠AFO + ∠AEO = 90° + 90° = 180°. Hence, quadrilateral AEOF is cyclic. (If a pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral is supplementary, the quadrilateral is cyclic).
  2. Using the property that angles inscribed in the same arc are congruent, we get ∠OAE = ∠OFE (from step 1).
  3. We also know that BF ⊥ OD and BD ⊥ OF. Therefore, ∠BFO + ∠BDO = 90° + 90° = 180°. Hence, quadrilateral BFOD is cyclic. (If a pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral is supplementary, the quadrilateral is cyclic).
  4. Again using the property that angles inscribed in the same arc are congruent, we get ∠OBD = ∠OFD (from step 3).
  5. In ∆ACD, we know that ∠DAC + ∠ACD = 90° (using angle sum property of a triangle).
  6. In ∆BCE, we know that ∠BCE + ∠CBE = 90° (using angle sum property of a triangle).
  7. From step 5 and 6, we get ∠DAC + ∠ACD = ∠BCE + ∠CBE.
  8. Using step 1, 2, and 7, we get ∠OFE = ∠OFD and ∠OAE = ∠OBD.
  9. Therefore, OF is the bisector of ∠EFD, OE is the bisector of ∠DEF, and OD is the bisector of ∠EDF.
  10. Hence, O is the incentre of ∆DEF. (Incentre of a triangle is the point of intersection of its angle bisectors).

Therefore, O is the incentre of ∆DEF, which completes the proof.

Chapter 3 – Circle – Text Book Solution

Problem Set 3 | Q 25 | Page 90

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